Implementing The B92 Quantum Key Distribution Protocol

[sribhavan47]

PR Description

This PR adds a full implementation of the B92 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol to the classiq-library, complementing the existing BB84 protocol.

Key additions:

• New B92 QKD circuit and supporting functions
• Example notebook or script demonstrating B92 usage
• metadata.json for discoverability and consistency

Highlights:

• Uses single-qubit states |0⟩ and |+⟩ for encoding, per B92 specifications.
• Includes measurement and basis selection logic for Bob.
• Demonstrates key sifting and potential error checking.

Related Issue

Closes #1026

Checklist

• Implemented core B92 protocol logic.
• Added metadata.json.
• Provided example usage.
• Added basic documentation and comments.
• Verified integration with the library.

Please @NadavClassiq review and let me know if any improvements or tests are recommended!

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[sribhavan47]

hi @NadavClassiq, I have addressed all the reviews you have suggested, please do review it. Please let me know if any further changes or clarifications are needed, happy to make adjustments!

[NadavClassiq]

Hi @sribhavan47,
Please see mt additional comment regarding producing a valid key.
Also, follow the error message to resolve the Lint failure.

[NadavClassiq]

Hi @sribhavan47,
Please take a look at the additional comment about producing a valid key.
Also, follow the error message to resolve the Lint failure.

We will have to close this PR if no action is taken in the next few days.

Thanks in advance!