Add Bitwise Operations concept

[colinleach]

I hope I understand this topic somewhat better than I understand Unicode (a low bar).

[SleeplessByte]

Suggested change

	Perhaps surprisingly, `Byte` or `Short` types are not compatible with most bitwise operations in Kotlin.
	Perhaps surprisingly, `Byte` or `Short` types are not compatible with most bitwise operations in Kotlin.

I didn't know this!

[SleeplessByte]

Ah. Since 1.5, UByte has or and xor and and and inv, same for UShort.
Byte has full support since 1.2, same for Short.

[colinleach]

That's strange. The 2.2 docs say:

Bitwise operations are represented by functions that can be called in infix form. They can be applied only to Int and Long

I tried Byte and UByte in Kotlin Notebook, and couldn't get them to work with shl: "Unresolved reference. None of the following candidates is applicable because of receiver type mismatch".

I'm not getting much done today (reasons including all-day headache and brain fog), but I don't think I messed that up.

[SleeplessByte]

Yoooo my Short link actually linked to BigInteger which is also new to me.... we now need to update the numbers concept XD. BigDecimal also exists nvm, only JVM!

Anyway, yeah, it works for UShort and UByte. Not Short and Byte. And not all operations are supported for UShort and UByte! Only and, or, xor, and inv. Playground. This playground also compiles in JS and Wasm :)

[colinleach]

Hmmm, producing a clear, concise Concept for a poorly documented mess could be ... challenging.

Still, we're all better informed now, I suppose.

[colinleach]

Also: feel free to disagree, but I have some doubts about whether experimental and undocumented features belong in an Exercism syllabus. Though maybe I'm just old and unimaginative...

(I'm definitely old)

[SleeplessByte]

But I have some doubts about whether experimental and undocumented features

Experimental: maybe but I don't do that for the other tracks because it's a lot of work to keep track of.
Undocumented: sometimes, but in this case it's not undocumented. The Kotlin docs are out of date, the kotlin reference is not! That's how I found these: https://kotlinlang.org/api/core/kotlin-stdlib/kotlin/-u-byte/#-1940364782%2FFunctions%2F-1430298843